LETTER REFERENCES

Letter on post-abortion problems

Dear Dave Beery (Daily Herald),      

Hi. In a recent article you quoted Carolyn H. Krause who voted against an Illinois Parental Notification bill as saying: "we decided to vote to protect the young woman and concurred with the majority".  Some protection!!!  According to the 7 December 1996 British Medical Journal, Finnish women who chose to 'terminate' had 488% higher relative risk of suicide in the 12 months after compared to women who carried to term.  A 1997 study in the top Scandinavian journal in the area of obstetrics and gynecology reported that women who 'terminated' had four (4) times the odds of dying in an accident in the 12 months after than women who carried to term.  What is the top killer of young people between the ages of 15 and 24?  Motor vehicle ACCIDENTS. So, Krause's concept of 'protection' is akin to the protection of hens by foxes.  In the 17 February 2001 British Medical Journal is my letter where I cited ten studies finding that prior induced abortions much increase a woman's risk of a future preterm birth (please see the Appendix to this email for a copy of that BMJ letter); I now have a list of over twenty-six studies finding preterm risk. 'Preemies' are at much higher risk of dying before age one and having severe handicaps than full-term normal weight newborn.      If Carolyn H. Krause is offering 'protection' to young women, then she is the sort who also probably thinks that sky-diving without a parachute is the epitome of safety.

Womens' Right To Know, Brent Rooney Appendix: British Medical Journal letter to the editor

[British Medical Journal. Having an induced abortion increases risk in future pregnancies. 17 February 2001;322:430]

Editor-- The latest of  three  Danish  reports about reproductive history informs readers, "Fetal loss is high in women in their late 30s or older, irrespect- ive of reproductive history.  This should  be  taken into consideration in pregnancy planning and counsel- ling."(1)     

Consider  a  woman  whose first  pregnancy occurs  at  age  30.  According  to  Melbye et al and Zhou  et al, if she  is  pressured  to  have an induced abortion she should be warned that if she does  so  she  will increase her risk of never having a birth.(2,3)  Will the abortion clinic  tell  her  that  her  best  chance  for  a full-term  birth  is  for  her  to  carry  her current pregnancy to term?  No, it will not; no abortion  clinic's  consent  form mentions such a risk. Even if a woman does have a  future birth, a previous induced abortion about doubles her risk that that birth will be very preterm (less than 34 weeks' gestation)  according to  another study of Danish women (relative risk 1.99 (95% confidence interval 1.64 to 2.43)).(3)  If  the  woman has two evacuation type  abortions, she increases her  risk  of  preterm  birth by 1155% (5.14 to 30.64).(3) There are at least  nine  other  reports that found increased risk of prematurity from previous induced abortions.(4-5) (readers  can visit www.vcn.bc.ca/~whatsup  for references to 10 studies known to me)     

By  not  informing  prospective  patients  of health  risks  associated  with  induced  abortion, abortion doctors are violating their legal  duty  to protect health, not needlessly endanger it. Is there  any  serious  health  risk  for a mother who has a preterm birth?  In their study of Danish women Melbye  et al  inform  us  that  if  the gestation of a newborn infant is under 32 weeks, the mother has doubled her risk of breast  cancer  compared with having  a  full-term  birth  (relative  risk 2.08 (1.20-3.60) for  gestation  of 29-31 weeks).(2)     

Let's assure that women of reproductive age are fully informed about health risks of medical  treat- ments to them and their future children.

Brent Rooney   independent medical researcher
Reduce Preterm Risk Coalition
3456 Dunbar St. (146) Vancouver, Canada V6S 2C2
stopcancer@yahoo.com

 1 Andersen A-M N, Wohlfahrt J, Melbye M, et al.   
Maternal age and fetal loss: population based register linkage study.
BMJ    2000;320:1708-1712

 2 Melbye M, Wohlfahrt J, Andersen A-M N, et al.
Preterm delivery and risk of Breast Cancer.
British J Cancer 1999   
80(3/4):609-613

 3 Zhou W, Sorenson HT, Olsen H.
Induced Abortion and Subsequent Pregnancy Duration.
Obstetrics & Gynecology
1999;94:948-953

 4 Lieberman E, Ryan KJ, Monson RR, Schoenbaum SC.   
Risk Factors Accounting For Racial Differences in the rate of premature birth.
NEJM 1987;317: 743-748

 5 Berkowitz GS.
An Epidemiologic Study of Preterm Delivery.
American J Epidemiology 1981;113:81-92


[end of letter to British Medical Journal]

Additional References not in the original BMJ article (since there was a limit of  FIVE  references  for letters): seven more studies that reported increased risk  of  preterm  birth  from  previous  induced abortions.

 6 Pickering RM, Forbes J.
Risk of preterm delivery and small-for-gestational age infants following abortion: a population study.
British J Obstetrics and Gynecology
1985;92:1106-1112

 7*Michielutte R, Ernest JM, Moore ML, Meis PJ, Sharp PC, Wells HB, Buescher PA.
A Comparison of Risk Assessment Models for Term and Preterm Low Birthweight.
Preventive Medicine
1992;21:98-109

 8 Lang JM, Lieberman E, Cohen A. 
A  Comparison of Risk Factors for Preterm Labor and Term Small-for-Gestational-Age Birth.
Epidemiology   
1996;7:369-376

 9 Mueller-Heubach E, Guzick DS.
Evaluation of risk scoring in a preterm birth prevention study of indigent patients.
Am J Obstetrics  & Gyn 
1989;160:829-837

10 Shiono PH, Lebanoff MA. 
Ethnic  Differences and Very Preterm Delivery.
Am J Public Health   
1986;76:1317-1321

11 Pantelakis SN, Papadimitriou GC, Doxiadis SA.   
Influence of induced and spontaneous abortions on the outcome of subsequent pregnancies.
Amer J Obstet Gynecol.
1973;116:799-805

12 Lumley J.
The association between prior spontaneous abortion, prior induced abortion and preterm birth in first singleton births.   
Prenat Neonat Med
1998;3:21-24.


[The above letter to the British Medical Journal was sent in the Summer of 2000. In the mean time I have found SEVENTEEN (17) more statistically significant studies that report that previous induced abortions increase the risk of a subsequent preterm birth. Thus, the total of such studies is TWENTY-SEVEN (27)]

13 Van Der Slikke JW, Treffers PE.
Influence of induced abortion on gestational duration in subsequent pregnancies.
BMJ 1978;1:270-272    [>95% confident of preterm risk for gestation less than 32 weeks]

14 Richardson JA, Dixon G.
Effect of legal termination on subsequent pregnancy.
British Med J  
1976;1:1303-1304

15 Pickering RM, Deeks JJ.
Risks of Delivery during 20th to the 36th Week of Gestation.
Intl. J Epidemiology
1991;20:456-466

16 Koller O, Eikhom SN.
Late Sequelae of Induced Abortion in Primigravidae.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand
1977;56:311-317

17 Papaevangelou G, Vrettos AS, Papadatos D, Alexiou C.
The Effect of Spontaneous and Induced Abortion on Prematurity and Birthweight.
The J Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth.
May 1973;80:418-422

18 Bognar Z, Czeizel A.  Mortality  and  Morbidity Associated with Legal Abortions in Hungary, 1960-1973.
AJPH
1976;66:568-575

19 Martius JA, Steck T, Oehler MK, Wulf K-H.
Risk factors associated with preterm (<37+0 weeks) and early preterm (<32+0 weeks): univariate and multivariate analysis of 106 345 singleton births from 1994 statewide perinatal survey of Bavaria.   
European J Obstetrics & Gynecology
Reproductive Biology
1998;80:183-189

20 Vasso L-K, Chryssa T-B, Golding J.
Previous obstetric history and subsequent preterm delivery in Greece.
European J Obstetrics & Gynecology   
Reproductive Biology  
1990;37:99-109

21*Ancel P-V, Saurel-Cubizolles M-J, Renzo GCD, Papiernik E, Breart G.
Very and moderate preterm births: are the risk factors different?
British J Obtetrics and Gynaecology
1999;106:1162-1170

22 Lumley J.
The epidemiology of preterm birth.   
Bailliere's Clin Obstet Gynecology.
1993;7(3):    477-498

23 Grindel B, Lubinski H, Voigt M.
Induced abortion in primigravidae and subsequent pregnancy, with particular attention of underweight.
Zentralbl Gynaekol
1979;101:1009-1114

24 Kreibich H, Ludwig A.
Early and late complications of abortion in juvenile primigravidae (including recommended measures).
 Z Aerztl Fortbild (Jena)   
1980;74:311-316

25 Zwahr C, Voigt M, Kunz L, et al.
Relationships between interruption abortion, and premature birth and low birth weight.
Zentrabl Gynaekol
1980;102:    738-747

26 Obel E.
Pregnancy Complications Following Legally Induced Abortion With Special Reference to Abortion Technique.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand   
1979;58:147-152

27 Levin A, Schoenbaum S, Monson R, Stubblefield P, Ryan K.
Association of Abortion With Subsequent Pregnancy Loss.
JAMA
1980;243(24):2495-2499

28*Hillier SL, Nugent RP, Eschenbach DA, Krohn MA, et al.
Association Between Bacterial Vaginosis And Preterm Delivery Of A Low-Birth-Weight Infant.
NEJM
1995;333:1737-1742

29 Schoenbaum LS, Monson RR.
No association between coffee consumption and adverse outcomes of pregnancy.   
NEJM
1982;306:141-145

.............................................................

* studies that did not distinguish between induced and spontaneous abortions